AAMC FL Practice Exam

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How are validity and reliability differentiated in research?

Validity measures consistency, while reliability measures accuracy
Validity measures adequacy, while reliability measures consistency
Validity assesses external factors, while reliability assesses internal factors
Both terms refer to the accuracy of research findings

The correct answer is: Validity measures adequacy, while reliability measures consistency

The selected answer highlights the distinction between validity and reliability in research. Validity refers to the extent to which a research instrument measures what it is intended to measure, or the adequacy of the tool in capturing the relevant construct. In other words, it ensures that the conclusions drawn from the data are sound and reflect the true situation or phenomenon being studied. On the other hand, reliability refers to the consistency of the measurement. A reliable instrument will yield the same results under consistent conditions, implying that the findings are repeatable. For research to be credible, both validity and reliability are essential—validity ensures the right thing is being measured, while reliability ensures that the measurements are dependable over time and across different contexts. Understanding this differentiation is crucial for evaluating any research methodology, as it informs the quality and trustworthiness of the results obtained.