If a glass rod accumulates a charge of +3.2 × 10^-9 C, how many electrons are removed from it?

When a glass rod accumulates a positive charge, it means that electrons have been removed from it. The charge of a single electron is approximately -1.6 × 10^-19 coulombs. To determine how many electrons were removed to create a total charge of +3.2 × 10^-9 C, we can use the formula:

Number of electrons = Total charge / Charge of one electron.

Substituting the values gives:

Number of electrons = (3.2 × 10^-9 C) / (1.6 × 10^-19 C/electron).

When you perform the division, this yields:

Number of electrons = 2.0 × 10^10 electrons.

This calculation shows that to achieve a positive charge of +3.2 × 10^-9 C, a total of 2.0 × 10^10 electrons must be removed from the glass rod. Thus, this solution aligns with the definition of charge and the relationship between charge and the fundamental charge of an electron, ensuring a clear understanding of how positive and negative charges interact.